When 6 things are attached to a central atom, as in SF6, the structure will be an octahedron.
This can be thought of as a square with one atom above the plane and one below. All of the angles in this structure are 90o.
When a molecule contains six things
around the central atom, one of which is a lone pair, as in the molecule
IF5, it doesn't matter which spot the lone pair takes, since all angles
and sides are identical in this structure. This produces the shape square pyramid.
When
a molecule contains 6 things, 2 of which are lone pairs, as in XeF4,
the two lone pairs will occupy space as far from each other as possible
(since the take up the most space). This results in the shape square planar.
On to Polarity
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