When we first looked at KMT (kinetic molecular theory) we acknowledged that the statements were imperfect, but that most of the time they were so close to true that we could ignore the imperfections.
There are, of course, times when we cannot ignore those imperfections.
Under those conditions a gas will not follow all of the gas laws discussed. Of course, decreasing volume (for example) will still cause an increase in pressure, but the inverse graph will no longer be linear and the math will no longer give an accurate answer. When that happens, we say the gas is behaving non-ideally.
Gases behave non-ideally under two circumstances – extremely high density and extremely low temperature.
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